Friday, September 28, 2012

Continue to read Book II of Fugitive Pieces

Book II, The Drowned City Analysis
The eighth chapter begins Book II, in which a new narrator takes over. Ben, no last name ever mentioned, teaches at the University of Toronto, having been mentored by Maurice Salman, Athos's old colleague. Maurice encourages the young man to coordinate his interests in weather and biography, a combination of which Athos and Jakob would approve. Ben finds that Jakob's poetry helps him understand his own parents, whose names are never mentioned. They are deeply-scarred survivors of the Holocaust. Much of the chapter, addressed personally to the late Jakob Beer, describes Ben's growing up, failed marriage, and snippets of his career as a scholar.
The psychological effects of surviving the Holocaust are laid out in Ben's parents. Mother opens up to the sensual joys of life, while Father closes down. He refuses to live in an ethic neighborhood for fear that the authorities will round them up. He is spooked while signing up for Canadian Social Security when what appears to be an ex-camp official challenges his birth certificate and when a neighbor pounds on his door to warn him to flee the path of Hurricane Hazel. The family barely escapes with their lives. Father moves them into a small apartment, where all doors look alike. Recall Jakob's life-long trauma cause by the kicking in of his family's door when the Nazis come for them. Father forbids talk about murdered relatives, but Mother fills Ben in on those who have been lost. The secret bonds them. Ben has a hard time as an adolescent in asserting his independence and through college remains a loner. He confesses that he never understands his father until his father commits suicide. The revelation of this act at the close of the chapter is unexpected, given Ben's description of dealing with his parents' physical decline in old age. For a while, Ben nearly avoids seeming churlish.

Music remains a major theme, as Ben's father is a former conductor demoted after the war to piano teacher. He dissects scores as he listens to recordings and only while listening to music does he open up to his son. Ben recalls lying on his father's lap listening to music. His eyes fall on the pale camp tattoo on his father's arm. During forced marches between camps, Father plays Beethoven in his head to keep his sanity. Ben's wife, Naomi is also devoted to music of all kinds. Naomi tells Jakob about the Jewish opera singer Liuba Levitska, who dies in the camps when she will not abandon her mother. Levitska has all of the inmates singing "Tsvey Taybelech" (Two Little Doves; pg. 240). Another inmate defies the Nazis by composing a song that fills the camps. Recall that a major goal of the Nazis is to de-humanize their victims, so composing music is a major act of defiance.
While Athos has broad interests in literature and poetry, which he imparts to his war, Ben devotes his professional career to combining meteorology throughout history with literature, biography, and history. For his thesis he pictures accompanying Dostoevsky into the square where he is subjected to a mock execution before being marched to exile in Siberia. Many details of this incident, which transforms the great Russian writer's life, are included. Ben writes two books and the summary takes rapid note of a plethora of writers, musicians, and historical figures and events that weather has influenced. Ben observes that even the most reticent figures in history (e.g., Henry James, who burns his correspondence) can have their stories reconstructed, but the successful biographer penetrates the assumptions by which the subject lives. Ben has difficulty figuring out the assumptions of his own parents and wife. Between descriptions of Ben's research and his wife's eclectic interests and penchant for trivia and non-sequiturs, the chapter abounds in seemingly random but fascinating anecdotes.
Besides the historical hurricane and flood, which occasions the chapter title, tornadoes are described as arbitrary. Many examples of survival side-by-side with utter destruction and bits of whimsy - lakes having their water sucked up and dropped again, people, animals, and objects being transported vast distances but then set down intact, etc., are quoted. Mother, hearing them, thinks instinctively about the evil winds of Nazism that are planned out and arbitrary. Her three focal points are the camps, Kristallnacht (mentioned in Book I in conjunction with the invention of nuclear fission), and the SS.
Ben's beautiful, intelligent wife Naomi is introduced and, like Jakob's first wife, Alex, is rather swiftly dispatched. Naomi bonds with his parents in ways that he cannot understand. She gives them the space that they need and Mother opens up to her, telling her about the two children that perish in the camps. Ben's parents had apparently agreed not to tell him. Naomi reveals that they call him Ben, not a proper name but the Hebrew word for "son," hoping that he will be spared if he is not named. There is a veiled reference to the Exodus 12. Recall earlier mentions of how Jews throughout history identify morally with the founding event in their history. It is always a "now" event, undertaken by them as well as their ancestors.
Jakob takes an obvious interest in Naomi when they first meet at a party and she, uncharacteristically, tells him all about her and Ben's family. Ben finds himself jealous, but fights it because Jakob is his hero and develops into the true specialty of his academic career, as seen in the concluding chapters. Ben is less tolerant of Naomi's good relations with his parents and, when she suggests that he go to Idhra to collect Jakob's papers, he follows through. This destroys their already shaky marriage. Passages describing the beginning of their relationship are unusually lyrical and erotic. There is another passage that evokes the Christian sacrament of penance, as Jakob listens to Naomi's stories not like a priest, but as a sinner seeking redemption, and his words makes them afterwards feel clean. Ben notices a physical transformation in Naomi, brought about by love.
Ben's adolescent interest in bog people and how they differ from from pictures of Holocaust victims reaches back to the early chapters of Book I, detailing Athos' research. This helps link the two parts, as do the two narrators' marital troubles. Neither disguises his responsibility for the failures. The long chapter establishes the intellectual debt that Ben owes to Jakob, and thus to Athos. As the chapter ends, Ben is bound, like Jakob before him, for Greece.

Fugitive Pieces--to the end

Book II, Vertical Time Analysis
 The ninth chapter is brief and impressionistic. It opens with Ben describing the mechanics and effects, physical and psychological, of the meltemi wind on Idhra. It reminds the reader of Ben's specialization, weather, and helps picture the Greek Islands far better than Jakob has in his quick passages here and there. He quickly gets lost in the treasures of the huge, eclectic library, but cannot find the journals. He pictures Jakob burying them, as Jakob himself earlier describes Jews doing with their treasures, including writings. He then comes upon parts of the house that have long been closed off and forgotten. Note the chest in which Jakob as a boy had hidden from the Nazis. He likens the picture of interrupted life that he experiences with the excavations at Vesuvius. He pictures Jakob and Michaela's daily lives and, notably, is envious. This mirrors his attitude towards Naomi's relationship with his mother. He contemplates how Michaela undresses his spirit and brings his life to belief. The phrase is gradually developed in italics, suggesting that it is a line from Jakob's poetry that helps Ben interpret what he is seeing and feeling. He is struck by how powerfully he feels Jakob and Michaela present, seeking to be alone, even though he knows the circumstances and certainty of their deaths. Recall the mystical passages in Book I from the Zohar, stating that, "All visible things will be born again invisible" and Jakob's frequent meditations on unfinished lives.

Book II, Phosphorus Analysis
The tenth chapter opens with a study of lightning from the scientific and anecdotal points of view. Both narrators have piled up interesting stories on various subjects in this way. They lead this time, however, to Petra, Ben's four-month lover on Idhra. It is filled with his enthusiasm of early enchantment, which he and Jakob have both earlier described and moves through their sharing of Jakob's passion for communing with Jakob's spirit. He also thinks about losing Naomi. Petra is responsible to two discoveries: a note from Michaela to Jakob announcing that she is pregnant, and Jakob's lost journals. The former, a surprise, turns up under the bed cover, awaiting the Roussoses' return from Athens. The latter turns up while Ben is cleaning up the mess that Petra makes of Jakob's library. He finds a forgotten wing of the house and wanders through interrupted lives, feeling that Jakob and Michaela are present and want to be alone.
The chapter fills in the final details on Ben's parents' life before the camp and describes how Father escapes to join the partisans. It is a rather heroic posture for the man who has been shown to be frightened of his shadow . Ben recalls stories of digging up mass graves to hide Nazi atrocities, relying on Jakob's published words. Ben contemplates whether fear can be passed down to children, worrying about his own progeny, should he have any. He sees a number tattooed on a baby's head. Recall him lying next to Father's camp tattoo while listening to music. Petra, who is introduced and quickly dispatched in the familiar fashion, he imagines being tattooed by lightning.
A storm not unlike Hazel strikes Idhra on the night that Ben finds Petra tearing apart Jakob's library. Rebuked, she storms away. As he restores order, Ben sings Liuba Levitsky's song to lure Jakob and Michaela back. He finds the lost journals and a scarf identical to Naomi's. It seems likely that in the final chapter he will try to reconcile with Naomi.

Book II, The Way Station Analysis
The final chapter takes place in Athens and aboard a homebound plane. Ben sees Petra already taking up with another man. He encounters lovers on the mountainside and realizes that he must try to come back to his wife. On the flight, he imagines possible scenarios for the meeting and scenes of his parents - as he recalls them and as they should have and probably had been, outside his sight: completing a circuit of strength. Ben sees that he must give what he most needs.

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